What are diabetes organs? Pancreas and Liver are considering as diabetes organs, which are responsible for glucose metabolism.
Diabetes pancreas, liver & muscle cells
Glucose metabolism involves small intestine, pancreas, liver, and muscle cell. If there are, any problem with any of this diabetes organ leads to a defect in glucose metabolism and can develop diabetes.
Diabetes pancreas
The pancreas produces various enzymes that aid in the digestive process, additionally to convert glucose into energy. The pancreas secretes different enzyme and hormones, which include insulin requires for the digestion and absorption of food. The glucose utilization in the body is controlling by the insulin. Your body tissues need insulin for proper glucose absorption, and an exception is your brain. If your pancreas fails to produce or secretes sufficient amount of insulin, leads to elevated blood glucose level called diabetes mellitus.
Functions of Insulin hormone
Insulin is a hormone, which controls and comments (signals) the whole glucose metabolism process. Digestion of food releases glucose (first nutrient released from food, which energies the entire body) into the bloodstream. On seeing the high level of glucose in the blood, the pancreas releases a certain quantity of insulin concerning the level of glucose in the blood to normalize the blood-glucose level.
Insulin as a commenting signal
- to muscle cells that inform there is enough glucose available for consumption
- it is the commenting signal to the liver to stop converting glycogen to glucose and releasing of glucose in the bloodstream.
- If there is a high level of glucose in the blood than the typical requirement, then pancreas release’s a high level of insulin concerning the level of glucose. This high level of insulin is the blood is the commenting signal to the liver to convert available excess glucose in the blood to glycogen and store it for future requirements.
Diabetes and liver
Once after the body cells consume the required glucose, still if the blood-sugar level remains high. Then the liver converts this excess sugar in the bloodstream into glycogen and stores it.
For any reason, if the blood-glucose level drops below a healthy level, mostly when we are in fasting. Our liver immediately responds to this situation by converting glycogen to glucose and released into the bloodstream for our energy needs.
If the liver releases glucose inappropriately, even when there is enough glucose in the blood (and insulin in the blood) may cause diabetes.
Diabetes Muscle cells
If the muscle cells do not consume glucose, even when there are enough glucose and insulin in the blood, called insulin resistance may cause diabetes.
Many studies confirm that a large quantity of fat storage in and around the abdominal organs affect the muscle cell’s sensitivity to the insulin hormone. Therefore, there is a low utilization of insulin, and thus, the blood glucose level in the bloodstream remains high.
Understanding diabetes organ’s defect & Type 2 diabetes
- if the pancreas is not able to release, enough insulin (or needed excess quantity of insulin) may cause Type 2 diabetes.
- If the liver is not sensitive to insulin or/and mistakenly dump glucose into the bloodstream even when enough glucose is already, exist may cause diabetes type 2.
- If the muscles’ cells are not sensitive to insulin, then it is called insulin resistance. Insulin resistance prevents proper burning of the available glucose that raises blood glucose level, causing diabetes.
Diabetes pancreas damage and Type 1 diabetes
- Most of the cases of Type 1 diabetes is due to an autoimmune disorder. Our immune system mistakenly attacks the pancreas by considering it as an enemy and causing damage to “islet cells,” which releases insulin. So there is no or low insulin secretion.
- Certain viruses may attack pancreas causing damage to “islet cells” that leads to no or low insulin secretion, causing Type 1 diabetes.
- Pancreatic disease – affect’s pancreas, leads to diabetes type 1.