We do not know the causes of color blindness, but most of the causes of color blindness are inheriting from birth, that is genetics play a major role.
Causes of Color deficiency or blindness
- Most of the case’s color blindness is inherited (Possessed at birth).
- Some time it may be due to an injury.
- Some times aging process play a role.
- Other health conditions (diseases) may trigger it.
- Rarely may it cause by the side effects of any medications.
Eye’s retina has cones (light sensitive cells), which are responsible for sensing colors based on its wavelength. There are three different types of cones to sense three colors (red, green, and blue) and their combinations or shades.
Color blindness occurs when cones (or light sensitive cells) in the retina fail to sense properly to the variations in wavelengths of light that enters the eye. These are causes due to the absence of cones in the retina or if these cones not responding to the color of lights.
Other conditions that may cause color blindness:
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder, in which the light-sensitive nerve cells in the retina may damage and cannot function properly.
Genetically caused color blindness
The most common congenital color vision defect is the red green deficiencies, which are due to "X chromosomes (decides baby sex)." Men are mostly affecting because women have two X chromosomes, and men have only one X and a Y chromosome. If a man's one X chromosome is color defective, he will be color deficient, whereas in a woman must have both the X chromosomes color deficient, then only she will be color deficient. If one X chromosome is color defective and the other is not, then she is not a color deficient but a carrier of color deficient. For a woman to be color deficient her father must be colorblind, and her mother is colorblind or carrier of color blind.