Myopia treatment or vision correction is by using eyeglasses, contact lenses, orthokeratology, laser/other surgeries and vision therapy.
Myopia treatment options
Persons with myopia have several options available to regain clear distance vision. They include:
- Eyeglasses
- contact lenses
- orthokeratology
- laser and other refractive surgery procedures
- Vision therapy for persons with stress-related nearsightedness
Myopia correction by Eye glasses
Eyeglasses are the most commonly preferred correction for nearsightedness. Generally, prescribe a single vision lens to provide clear vision at all distances. However, for patients over about age 40, or children and adults whose myopia is due to the stress of near vision, a bifocal or progressive addition lens may prescribe. These multi-focal lenses provide different powers of strengths throughout the lens to allow for clear vision, in the distance, and clear vision in the nearer distance.
A large selection of lens types and frame designs are available for patients of all ages. Eyeglasses are no longer just a vision correction, but can also be a fashion item. They are available in a wide variety of sizes, shapes, colors, and materials, which not only correct for vision problems but also may enhance the appearance.
Myopia correction by Contact lenses
For some patients, contact lenses can provide better vision than eyeglasses. They may provide clear vision and a wider field of view. However, since contact lenses wear directly on the eyes, they require regular maintenance, that is cleaning and certain amounts of care is required to safeguard eye health.
Orthokeratology - Reshaping Eyes with Contact Lenses
Otherwise, call as corneal refractive therapy a procedure by fitting a series of contact lenses to reshape the cornea (the front outer surface of the eye). The contact lenses are warning to the certain period, such as overnight and some in daytime, and then removed. Persons with moderate amounts of nearsightedness may be able to obtain clear vision temporarily for most of their daily activities.
Myopia correction by Laser’s surgery
Nearsightedness can also correct by reshaping the cornea using a laser beam of light. Two commonly used procedures are:
- Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)
- Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)
In PRK, a laser is useful to remove a thin layer of tissue from the cornea surface in order to change its shape and refocuses the light entering the eye on to the retina. The amount of nearsightedness that can correct by PRK is limiting by the amount of corneal tissue that can remove safely by PRK.
LASIK does not remove tissue from the surface of the cornea instead from its internal layers. To perform this, a section of the external corneal layer is cut and folds backward to expose the inner tissue. Then utilizing a laser beam to remove the precise amount of corneal tissue requires reshaping the eye, and then the external cornea tissue in place back to its original position to heal. The amount of nearsightedness that can correct by LASIK is limiting by the amount of corneal tissue that can remove safely by LASIK.
Myopia vision correction by intraocular lens
People with high myopia or those with very thin corneas make it difficult to perform laser procedures, has another option called intraocular lens. Myopia surgically corrected by implanting a tiny lens (intraocular lens) into the eyes. This intraocular lenses look like small contact lenses, and they supply the needed optical correction directly inside the eye.
Myopia vision correction by Vision therapy
Vision therapy is an option for people whose blurred distance vision is causing by a spasm of the muscles, which control eye focusing. Various eye exercises can be useful to improve poor eye focusing ability and regain clear distance vision.
People with myopia have a variety of options to correct their vision problem. In consultation with the optometrist, one can select the treatment that best meets the visual and lifestyle needs.