Trachoma eye infection is the leading cause of the world's infectious-blindness, caused by the bacteria chlamydia trachomatis. It is spreading by direct contact with eye, nose, or throat secretions from affected individuals.
Trachoma Causes
Trachoma is causing by infection with the bacteria chlamydia trachomatis.
The condition occurs mostly in a rural setup in developing countries and certain populations marked by poverty, crowded living conditions, or poor hygiene are at higher risk for this illness. Trachoma is rare in the United States,
Trachoma is spreading by direct contact with infected eye, nose, or throat secretions or by contact with contaminated objects, such as towels or clothes. Certain flies can also carry the bacteria.
Trachoma Symptoms
Symptoms begin after 5 to 12 days of being exposed to the bacteria. The condition begins slowly as inflammation of the tissue lining the eyelids, which if untreated may lead to scar.
Common symptoms may include:
- Cloudy cornea
- Eye discharges
- Swelling of lymph nodes just in front of the ears
- Swollen eyelids
- Turned in eyelashes
Trachoma Exams and Tests
This test is useful for the examination for scarring on the inside of the upper eyelid, eye redness in the white part and new blood vessel growth into the cornea.
Laboratory tests to identify the bacteria and diagnose trachoma.
Trachoma Treatment
Antibiotics such as erythromycin and doxycycline prevent long-term complications, if used early. In some cases, eyelid surgery may need to prevent long term scarring; otherwise, it can lead to blindness.
Trachoma Complications
Severely irritated eyelids may turn in the eyelashes and rub against the cornea. This can cause eye ulcers, additional scars, vision loss, and even blindness.
Trachoma Prevention
Improved sanitation and not sharing items such as towels, eye makeup, etc. are important measures for preventing the spread of trachoma.